Solid waste management refers to the collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded or is no longer useful. Once discharged into rivers or the sea, solid waste pollution is carried by the water cycle and ends up in accumulation zones. Chapter 7 solid waste management solid waste refers here to all nonliquid wastes. Waste is solid substances generated as a result of human activities, and, being no longer of value for the respective economic, physiological or technological process, are removed from it. Solid waste does not include infectious or hazardous wastes. With rising urbanization and change in lifestyle and food habits, the amount. Waste streams that would be generated by a project, potential for the wastes to impact environmental resources, and the impacts on waste handling and disposal facilities that would likely receive the wastes. Causes of solid waste pollution are pollutants from households, industrial units, manufacturing units, commercial establishments, landfills, hospitals and medical clinics. Very often, these wastes are called municipal solid waste.
Effects of affluence and population density on waste. Law on prevention of environmental pollution caused solid. The menace of environmental pollution has been haunting the human world since early times and is still growing due to excessive growth in developing countries. A hazard to environment book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. Hazardous materials, solid waste, and pollution prevention as an impact category includes an evaluation of the following. It is a buildup of persistent toxic compounds, chemicals, salts, radioactive materials, or diseasecausing agents in the soil which have adverse effects on plant growth, human and animal health. The quality of solid waste generated in some major cities of india is very high. Municipal solid waste consists of household waste, construction and demolition debris, sanitation residue, and waste from streets. Solid waste means any garbage, refuse, sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded materials including solid, liquid, semi solid, or contained gaseous material, resulting from industrial, commercial. T he impact of solid waste pollution on our environment the inevitable impact.
Waste pollution, especially solid waste and other liquids from households and the community pose a serious health hazard to all living in a confined area and lead to the spread of infectious diseases. While much has been written on each individual subject, very little has been published that attempts to clarify the direct and indirect associations among the incidence of air pollutant related disease, the emission of air pollutants, and their. In this guide, we summarise what waste pollution is, identify the different types of waste, and outline the. Mar, 2012 the revised data show that the contribution of solid waste disposal to the total air pollutant health effect is 9. The impact of poor municipal solid waste management. Solid waste can create significant health problems and a very unpleasant living environment if not disposed of safely and. Read this article to learn about types, sources, effects and methods of solid waste management. Impact of solid waste on health and the environment. Solid waste, hazardous waste, industria l solid waste, waste generation, waste management, environmental protection, waste category, environmental effect, water, air, soil, route, environment pollution contents 1. Soil pollution soil pollution is defined as the addition of substances to the soil, which adversely affects physical, chemical and biological properties of soil and reduces its productivity.
Jan 15, 20 in doing the research about river pollution with solid waste, it is crucial to know what constitutes solid waste, in order to accurately describe the condition of a river, and not leave out any part that counts as a pollutant. The remaining uncollected solid waste is left on the streets, roadsides and drainages. Mar 01, 2020 waste pollution is one of the broadest social and environmental issues. Solid waste management is a global issue that is a growing source of concern in developed and developing countries due to increase urbanization. Pollution when harmful substances contaminate the environment it is called pollution.
Garhwal a central university, srinagargarhwal, uttarakhand,india abstract urbanization and population growth are solely responsible for high increasing rate of solid waste and its proper management is a major. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices in portharcourt city, nigeria a behavioural perspective dr. In general this does not include excreta, although sometimes nappies and the faeces of young children may be mixed with solid waste. Essay on solid waste causes, effects and solid waste management. Although evidence suggests the link between plastic pollutionsolid waste and human disease, measurements are not. Solid waste in urban areas is generated by domestic sources, street sweeping, hospitals, commercial and industrial activities 4. The topic presented were hazardous waste, noise pollution, peru and lead, carbon monoxide and radon, water pollution and access to clean water. Polluants organiques persistants persistent organic pollutants.
The surroundings of an organism in which the organism lives. Law on prevention of environmental pollution caused solid waste. Since such waste accumulates in the territories managed by municipalities responsible for its removal and storage, it is termed municipal solid waste. Soil pollution, solid waste, hazardous waste, electronic. Water pollution by solid waste environmental policy 0508. Guidelines on recycling of solid waste department of environmental affairs and tourism danida supported by the royal danish embassy department of environmental affairs and tourism of south africa guideline on recycling of solid wasteguideline on recycling of solid waste tel.
Solid waste generation swg is a problematic and is an issue of concern everywhere in the world, particularly in all urban centers. Development of national solid waste management legislation, policies, strategies and plans advocated and supported. Assessment of the municipal solid waste management practices in juba in order to obtain the quantity and the composition of the municipal solid. Environmental protection agency epa has deemed hazardous. As bulgaria and the slovak republic, heavy metal industries have.
Better swm through improved waste collection supports environmental sustainability. For the waste sector in south africa this means care must be given to raw material use, product design, resource efficiency, waste prevention, and minimization where avoidance is impossible. Apr 29, 2019 soil pollution soil pollution is defined as the addition of substances to the soil, which adversely affects physical, chemical and biological properties of soil and reduces its productivity. These health hazards allow biodegradable materials to decompose under uncontrolled and unhygienic conditions, producing foul smells and causes. Hazardous materials, solid waste, and pollution prevention last updated 22020 72 40 cfr part 261 subpart c, or is listed in one of four lists in 40 cfr part 261 subpart d, which contains a list of specific types of solid waste that the u. Pdf impact of solid waste on health and the environment. Solid waste management challenges in urban areas of ghana. New york state has an established program to manage solid waste to help protect and preserve the environment.
The pollutants from these places may be in the form of nonbiodegradable matter or noncompostable degradable matter. Hazardous waste has a great impact on human health and the environment. Solid waste in a broader sense is understood as any household, industrial and. A consultancy report to the office of environmental response and coordination of the republic of palau. In addition to equipment and process options, the author presents. Solid waste pollution and hotels environmental sciences essay. Although evidence suggests the link between plastic pollution solid waste and human disease, measurements are not. Solid waste, air pollution and health citations metrics.
Economic cost scenarios for solid waste related pollution in palau. Themelis earth engineering center, columbia university, new york abstract this paper compares the rate of generation and means for managing municipal solid wastes msw in japan and the u. Biodegradable wastes are waste that can be broken down in a reasonable amount of time into its base compounds. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, which can lead to environmental pollution and the outbreak of vectorborne disease. Municipal solid waste msw normally termed as garbage or trash is an inevitable byproduct of human activity. Uncontrolled disposal generates serious heavy metals pollution occurring in. By preventing the reciprocation between water and sediments, plastic litter may be.
Oct 11, 2019 solid waste management is defined as the discipline associated with control of generation, storage, collection, transport or transfer, processing and disposal of solid waste materials in a way that best addresses the range of public health, conservation, economic, aesthetic, engineering, and other environmental considerations. Three tiers to estimate the ch4 emissions from swds are described. Pollution and solid waste are the most important environmental problems plaguing the city of benghazi as well as other cities and towns in libya. List and describe the major approaches to waste management. An inefficient municipal solid waste management system may create serious negative environmental impacts like infectious diseases, land and water pollution. Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal in. Development and implementation of appropriate technologies and processes to. Solid waste in a broader sense is understood as any household, industrial and agricultural materials that have been used up. Essay on the meaning of solid waste essay on the classification. Chapter 7 solid waste management european commission. In doing the research about river pollution with solid waste, it is crucial to know what constitutes solid waste, in order to accurately describe the condition of a river, and not leave out any part that counts as a pollutant. This garbage is generated mainly from residential and commercial complexes. Solid waste pollution prevention the environmental benefits of solid waste pollution prevention include less waste generation through material substitution, source reduction, better equipment maintenance and employee education.
Due to poor implementation of environment protection laws, urbanization, lack of awareness and lack of participation from the public, the problem of solid waste has increased at the highest level. A case study of bawku municipality nang biyogue douti1, samuel kojo abanyie1, steve ampofo1, senyo komla nyarko2 1faculty of applied sciences, university for development studies, department of earth and environmental sciences, navrongo campus, navrongo, ghana. It consists of discarded materials from the urban community as well as accumulation of agriculture, industrial, and mining wastes. Chapter 11 solid waste management waste categories waste by definition can be described as any matter whether gaseous, liquid or solid originating from any residential, commercial or industrial area, which is superfluous to requirements and has no further intrinsic or commercial value. Hence, solid waste management reduces or controls the solid waste pollution and its hazardous effects. Essay on solid waste causes, effects and solid waste. Solid waste management is a polite term for garbage management. Solid waste management, the collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. The object of final disposal is that the wastes can not be processed and used further. As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans. All these threaten the sustainability of the environment. Only a fraction of this solid waste is collected and disposed off at designated sites. Theres many different types of waste, different ways that waste can pollute the environment, and a range of effects that waste pollution can have across society.
In this study, the sources and components of solid waste were. Solid waste disposal 2006 ipcc guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories 3. Solid waste means any garbage, refuse, sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded materials including solid, liquid, semi solid, or contained gaseous material, resulting from industrial, commercial, mining and agricultural operations, and from community activities. Packaging of most of the gifts is considered as the source of solid waste pollution as most of these are nonbiodegradable. Open dumpsite approach as solid waste disposal method is a primitive stage of solid waste management in many parts of the world. Pdf solid waste pollution and the importance of environmental. A hazard to environment book pdf free download link book now. Mar 31, 2017 land pollution introduction causes effects prevention solid waste management over view 4.
Pdf disposal of solid wastes is a stinging and widespread problem in both. Comparisons are made with the major air pollutant sources. Solid waste sw mismanagement is a global issue in terms of. Hazardous waste pollution and its effects on human health and the environment. Open dumping of municipal solid waste and its hazardous. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices. Water pollution by solid waste environmental policy. The facilities for the prevention of environ mental pollution caused by solid waste shall be inspected and.
Handbook of solid waste management and waste minimization technologies is an essential tool for plant managers, process engineers, environmental consultants, and site remediation specialists that focuses on practices for handling a broad range of industrial solid waste problems. Such swg is considered one of the most challenging issues faced by most developing countries that suffer from sever environmental pollution problems caused. Various methods are practiced to control solid waste pollution as composting, recycling, incineration, pyrolysis, disposal, landfills etc. Solid wastes are unwanted materials, such as garbage, office paper, packaging and wood pallets. Environmental engineering is the systematic study of our environment and our proper place in it. Effects of affluence and population density on waste generation and disposal of municipal solid wastes ko matsunaga and nickolas j. Report on the solid waste management in algeria german. Byproduct a material that is not one of the primary products of a.
The facilities for the prevention of environ mental pollution caused by solid waste shall be inspected and approved together with the principal part of the project. Development and implementation of guidelines and programs to minimise solid waste supported. The solid waste produced by hotels and resorts are both biodegradable and nonbiodegradable. As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans ever did. Discuss industrial solid waste management and principles of industrial ecology. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, pollution, and outbreaks of disease. The illegal burning of solid waste causes air pollution and health problems. Solid waste pollution is the process of people being careless by disposing trash into many places that they shouldnt which fills our quiet amazing earth with non biodegradable and noncompostable biodegradable wastes that can produce greenhouse gases, and toxic fumes. Poor management of the collection and disposal of solid waste may lead to leachate pollution of surface water or groundwater. Handbook of solid waste management and waste minimization. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Solid waste is that material which arises from various human activities and is normally discarded as useless or unwanted. Everything that surrounds us is directly or indi rectly connected to the environment. Solid waste management is an important aspect of urban area management.
It is one of the most poorly rendered services by municipal authorities in developing countries. Chapter 7 solid waste management water engineering. Land pollution is one of the major forms of environmental catastrophe our world is facing today khan, 2004. Hazardous materials, solid waste, and pollution prevention. Such swg is considered one of the most challenging issues faced by most developing countries that suffer from sever environmental pollution problems caused by the large quantities of swg. Any solid, semi solid, or liquid waste generated from a municipal, commercial, or industrial wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility exclusive of the treated effluent from a wastewater treatment plant.
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